Abstract
Indonesia is a developing country that has high morbidity and mortality rates due to infectious diseases, one of which is pneumonia. This study aims to describe the use of antibiotics, to determine the rationality of antibiotic use using the Gyssens method, and to determine the relationship between the rationality of antibiotic use on the therapeutic outcomes of pediatric pneumonia patients in one of the public hospitals and private hospitals in Indonesia without PPRA at the same time. This study is a cross sectional study with retrospective data collection from the patient's medical record. The analysis was carried out descriptively and analytically with the Chi-square method to see the relationship between rational use of antibiotics and therapeutic outcomes. A single antibiotic which is generally used in one of the hospitals and private hospitals in Indonesia is Ampicillin. In addition, antibiotics that are often prescribed are Ceftriaxone and Cefotaxim). The use of antibiotics in Public Hospitals found 83 irrational use of antibiotics (81,4%) and 75 total uses of antibiotics (86,2%) in Private Hospitals. Irrational category III A (long duration) mostly occurs in two hospitals. The results of the research on the relationship between rationality and therapeutic outcome were analyzed by Chi-square. The results showed that the rationality of empirical antibiotic therapy significantly improved therapeutic outcomes (p=0.008) in one of the hospitals in Indonesia. The results of research conducted in one of the Indonesian private hospitals obtained p value = 0,153.
Highlights
Infectious diseases caused by bacteria are one of the main causes of morbidity and mortality in developing countries
The number of patients analyzed in public hospitals was 66 patients with a total of 102 cases of antibiotic use, while in private hospitals there were 54 patients with 87 cases of antibiotic use
The results of research conducted in private hospitals obtained p value = 0.153, which means that there is no significant relationship between rational use of antibiotics and therapeutic outcomes
Summary
Infectious diseases caused by bacteria are one of the main causes of morbidity and mortality in developing countries. Indonesia is a developing country that has high morbidity and mortality rates due to various infectious diseases, one of which is pneumonia. In 2015, WHO reported that almost 6 million children under five died and pneumonia was the cause of 920,136 under-five deaths worldwide with a percentage of 16%. In 2016, the percentage of deaths from all children under five based on data from Puskesmas in Indonesia was higher than in previous years, reaching 22.23% (Ministry of Health of the Republic of Indonesia, 2016). The use of antibiotics in patients with special conditions such as pediatrics requires high vigilance and attention. Irrationality in the use of antibiotics can be bad and detrimental to patients and related health services. A total of 781 patients who were hospitalized found that 81% of PHARMACOLOGY, MEDICAL REPORTS, ORTHOPEDIC, AND ILLNESS DETAILS |
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