Rational Design and Preparation of Core-Shell Nanomaterials to Boost their Catalytic Performance

Abstract

From the morphological point of view, catalysts can be classified into zero-dimensional (nanoparticle or quantum dot), one-dimensional (nanowire), two-dimensional (nanosheet), three-dimensional, and a combination of them. Among the varieties of morphology, core-shell structural catalysts with three-dimensional configuration stand out due to their unique construction and rich forms of interaction between the core and the shell, as well as their abundant ways of interaction with the catalytic intermediates. Constructing high-performance core-shell structural catalysts relies on the comprehensive understanding of the catalytic process and precise control over the catalyst structure. Here in this review, we attempt to sort out common synthetic methods for catalysts with core-shell structures from basic techniques to complex multiple processes. We will analyze how the core-shell configuration affects the catalytic performance from the microscopic to mesoscopic scales. We would resolve the structure-property relationship from the aspects of activity, selectivity, and durability, respectively. Finally, we would end this review with perspectives on the future development of core-shell catalysts.