Abstract
The aim of the work is to study the features of Ukraine's debt policy, its modern methods, and levers, identify the main problems and determine the rational directions of public debt management. The following methods were used in the research process: logical generalization, methods of analysis, synthesis, induction and deduction, calculation-analytical method, method of graphical representation of data. The article examines the essence of Ukraine's public debt and identifies the main problems of its management. The structure of Ukraine's public debt and its optimal limits are determined. A thorough analysis of the current state and trends of public debt of Ukraine. In particular, trends in its share in gross domestic product were identified, a structural analysis of Ukraine's public debt from 01.01.2014 to 01.09.2021 was conducted, and an analysis of budget expenditures for servicing and repaying Ukraine's public debt was conducted. Analysis of the state and structure of Ukraine's public debt makes it possible to identify trends in its growth. During the analyzed period, the size of Ukraine's public debt changed rapidly, due to the general factors of economic development. In the structure of public debt there is a clear tendency for the predominance of external debt over domestic. The aim of the work is to study the essence of public debt and methods of its management, analysis of the situation and identification of the main problems of public debt management in Ukraine. The issue of public debt is becoming more relevant every day. The main reasons for the emergence of public debt are the state budget deficit and significant amounts of internal and external borrowing. Further growth of Ukraine's public debt is very dangerous and may lead to loss of economic independence, withdrawal from the financial market of funds that could be used to develop the real sector of the economy, reduced competitiveness in domestic and foreign markets, declining living standards. But reaching the projected level threatens Ukraine with default. To avoid negative consequences, it is necessary to improve the mechanism of public debt management at the institutional level, to improve the regulatory framework, as well as to increase the level of own gross domestic product through the modernization of domestic enterprises.
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