RATIO OF HEIGHT TO STERNOMENTAL DISTANCE;

Abstract

Background: Preoperative evaluation is important in predicting the risk of difficult airway management. Ratio of height tosternomental distance is a new test for predicting difficult laryngoscopy. Design: Analytical cross – sectional study. Setting: Guilan Universityof Medical Sciences, Rash-Iran. Period: 1st Oct, 2009 to 30th Dec, 2010. Methods: 470 consecutive patients scheduled for elective surgeryundergoing general anesthesia and requiring endotracheal intubation. The tests that were used to predict difficult laryngoscopy included:mouth opening range, body mass index (BMI), thyromental distance, sternomental distance, and neck movement range, ratio of height tothyromental distance, ratio of height to sternomental distance and assessment of oropharyngeal view by modified Mallampati classification.After general anesthesia, glottic visualization was assessed during laryngoscopy using Cormack and Lehane classification. Multivariateanalysis and 95 percent confidence interval with SPSS 14 statistical package were used to compare the results of study. Results: Neckmovement range≤80 degrees had the highest sensitivity and specificity. Then Mallampati class 3 or 4 and RHSMD ≥ 12.5 were valuablerespectively. Odds ratio (95 percent confidence interval) of the neck movement range ≤ 80 ̊, Mallampati class 3 or 4, RHSMD ≥ 12.5 andRHTMD ≥ 23.5 were 17.7(9.57 – 49.76), 12.28 (7.6 – 47.04), 12.22 (22.8 – 76.6), 9.35 (2.29 – 10.52),5.6 (0.88 – 0.89), 3.78 (0.022 – 0.595)respectively. RHSMD had the least false negative value. Cut off point of RHSMD ≥ 12.5 and RHTMD ≥ 23.5 was not different between menand women. Conclusions: RHSMD is a useful and valuable clinical screening test for predicting difficult laryngoscopy.