Abstract
BackgroundVascular cognitive impairment (VCI), compared to vascular dementia (VD), has a broader definition and highlights the effect of vascular disease in dementia, and stroke seems play an important role in the development of VCI. However, not all patients with brain infarcts suffer from VCI; unique risk factors appear to cause such progression. This study aimed to find potential risk factors of vascular cognitive impairment among patients with brain infarcts.MethodsThirty-seven dementia patients and 74 brain infarction patients were included; all had infarcts in both basilar ganglia. The frequencies of risk factors, such as age, hypertension, and hyperlipidemia, were compared between the two groups.ResultsThe incident rate of hyperlipidemia in the patients with dementia was 35.14%, which was significantly lower than that in the patients with infarction (59.46%, P = 0.015). In the dementia group, there was a positive correlation between the ratio of apoprotein B (apoB)/low density lipoprotein (LDL) and the Mini Mental State Examination (MMSE) score (R = 0.411, P = 0.011).ConclusionOur study indicated that the ratio of apoB/LDL may be a potential clinical index for vascular cognitive impairment.Electronic supplementary materialThe online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12883-016-0766-1) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
Highlights
Vascular cognitive impairment (VCI), compared to vascular dementia (VD), has a broader definition and highlights the effect of vascular disease in dementia, and stroke seems play an important role in the development of VCI
The criteria did not take into full consideration the effects of cerebrovascular lesions on cognitive impairment; several clinical-pathological studies have highlighted the role of cerebrovascular disease, as a primary cause of vascular dementia, and as a modifier of the expression of dementia caused by other factors, such as Alzheimer’s disease (AD) [1, 3]
Subclasses of blood lipids are listed in Table 3; The cholesterol (CHOL), TG, low density lipoprotein (LDL), and apolipoprotein A-I, apolipoprotein B levels of the patients in the dementia group values were significantly lower than those of the patients in the infarction group
Summary
Vascular cognitive impairment (VCI), compared to vascular dementia (VD), has a broader definition and highlights the effect of vascular disease in dementia, and stroke seems play an important role in the development of VCI. This study aimed to find potential risk factors of vascular cognitive impairment among patients with brain infarcts. The criteria did not take into full consideration the effects of cerebrovascular lesions on cognitive impairment; several clinical-pathological studies have highlighted the role of cerebrovascular disease, as a primary cause of vascular dementia, and as a modifier of the expression of dementia caused by other factors, such as AD [1, 3]. The construct of multi-infarct dementia, by attributing cognitive impairment to multiple strokes, enables prevention of cognitive impairment by controlling risk factors
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