Abstract
Abstract Many of the soil physical, chemical, and biological characteristics influence the amount of nitrogen that may be required for plant growth. These interact with the other system and management variables to determine the rate of fertilizer required in order to achieve maximum yield. Even though these soil characteristics contribute to a high degree of variability in soil nitrate levels, soil tests for nitrate have been surprisingly effective guides for estimating the rate of fertilization. For example, in Figs. 9-1 and 9-2 are shown correlations between the soil nitrate-nitrogen concentration and the yield of corn and sorghum, respectively, based on samples obtained from the O to 120-cm soil depth. In Table 9-1 are also shown data indicating the relationship between the initial soil nitrogen level and crop yield. These data demonstrate the utility of soil test information for predicting fertilizer application rates. Nevertheless, it must be recognized that other characteristics of the agricultural production system have an impact on the efficient utilization of soil and fertilizer nitrogen and also must be considered in predicting the fertilizer requirements by using these tests.
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