Rate Analysis for NOMA in Massive MIMO Based Stochastic Cellular Networks with Pilot Contamination

Abstract

Massive multiple-input multiple- output (MIMO) enabled base stations employing non- orthogonal multiple access (NOMA) hold immense potential in increasing the spectral efficiency of future cellular networks. In this paper, we evaluate the achievable rate of 𝒩-user NOMA under a Poisson process of massive MIMO enabled base stations. We adopt a time-division duplexing (TDD) mode, where the uplink pilots are reused among the different base stations, and within each NOMA cluster of each base station, while matched- filter based precoding is employed in the downlink. The achievable rate by a typical NOMA user is characterized by taking into account imperfect successive interference cancellation (SIC) and error propagation. To this end, the moment generating function of the interference from other base stations due to pilot contamination is derived along with the signal detection probability. It is shown that NOMA can significantly improve the rate performance under most system parameters, and that the rate performance can be increased further through denser networks. Moreover, we show that the individual user rates and fairness amongst users within a NOMA cluster are significantly impacted by the specific power allocation algorithm.