Abstract
Objective To evaluate the response of rat subcutaneous tissue in implanted polyethylene tubes that were filled with GMTA Angelus and Portland cements containing different arsenic concentrations.Material and Methods Atomic absorption spectrophotometry was utilized to obtain the values of the arsenic concentration in the materials. Thirty-six rats were divided into 3 groups of 12 animals for each experimental period. Each animal received two implants of polyethylene tubes filled with different test cements and the lateral of the tubes was used as a control group. After 15, 30 and 60 days of implantation, the animals were killed and the specimens were prepared for descriptive and morphometric analysis considering: inflammatory cells, collagen fibers, fibroblasts, blood vessels and other components. The results were analyzed utilizing the Kuskal-Wallis test and the Dunn´s Multiple test for comparison (p<0.05).Results The materials showed, according to atomic absorption spectrophotometry, the following doses of arsenic: GMTA Angelus: 5.01 mg/kg, WPC Irajazinho: 0.69 mg/kg, GPC Minetti: 18.46 mg/kg and GPC Votoran: 10.76 mg/kg. In a 60-day periods, all specimens displayed a neoformation of connective tissue with a structure of fibrocellular aspect (capsule). Control groups and MTA Angelus produced the lower amount of inflammatory reaction and GPC Minetti, the highest reaction.Conclusions There was no direct relationship between the concentration of arsenic present in the composition of the materials and the intensity of the inflammatory reactions. Higher values, as 18.46 mg/kg of arsenic in the cement, produce characteristics of severe inflammation reaction at the 60-day period. The best results were found in MTA angelus.
Highlights
MTA is a mixture of hydrophilic powder consisting of tricalcium silicate, tricalcium oxide, silicate oxide and tricalcium aluminate[2,21]
At the 15, 30- and 60-day periods, all specimens displayed a neoformation of connective tissue with a structure of fibrocellular aspect
The lower amount of inflammatory cells was found at the 60-day period, significant differences were found among the materials (p>0.05)
Summary
MTA is a mixture of hydrophilic powder consisting of tricalcium silicate, tricalcium oxide, silicate oxide and tricalcium aluminate[2,21]. Several in vivo and in vitro studies demonstrated the beneficial properties of MTA, such as biocompatibility[20], promoting dental pulp and periradicular tissue regeneration[1], excellent sealing ability[23,24] and antimicrobial effects[8,22]. Due to these properties, MTA has been recommended for several clinical applications. It has been reported that Portland cement may contain some heavy metals in its composition, such as arsenic (As)[3,4,7,15,18]. The concentration of this metal varies according to the origin of the raw material used for the production of the Portland cement[4]
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