Abstract
Background: Several instruments are currently used to assess the Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) induced psychological distress, including the 22-Items Impact of Event Scale-Revised (IES-R). The IES-R is a self-administered scale to assess posttraumatic stress symptomology after a traumatic event, measuring the symptoms of intrusion, avoidance, and hyperarousal as experienced in the past seven days.Objectives: The current study aimed to examine the construct validity of the IES-R based on the Rasch Model with COVID-19 related data as well as to test multilevel construct validity of IES-R within countries and between countries during the pandemic crisis.Methods: A multi-country web-based cross-sectional survey was conducted utilizing the 22-Items IES-R. A total of 1020 participants have enrolled in our survey, of whom 999 were included in the analyses. Data were analyzed using Rasch modeling and Multilevel Confirmatory Factor Analysis (MCFA).Results: The Rasch model’s confirmatory criteria of construct validity for IES-R revealed that the IES-R is a satisfactory instrument from the five-point Likert scale, asserting that its 22 items are significant contributors to assess the uni-dimensionality of the IES-R. The MCFA confirmed that 22-Items IES-R with its three factors including intrusion, avoidance, hyperarousal is characterized by a construct validity within and between country-level.Conclusion: The results suggested that 22-Items IES-R is a reliable screening instrument for measuring traumatic distress related to the global pandemic of COVID-19 and can be utilized to provide timely psychological health support when needed based on the screening results.Funding: None to declare. Declaration of Interest: None to declare. Ethical Approval: This study was approved by Taiz University Research Ethics Committee on 26March 2020 with reference number Taiz/RSCGS/2020/03/26/0236.
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