Abstract
Rare tumours of the testis includes a wide variety of tumours. We aim to present clinical and histological characteristics of our patients with rare tumours of the testis. The medical records of 33 patients who were treated and followed-up for testicular rare tumours in our center between 2007 and 2020 were retrospectively reviewed. Of all the 243 testicular tumours, 222 cases (91.4%) were germ cell tumours and 21 cases (8.6%) were non-germ cell tumours. Thirty-three rare tumours of the testis including rare germ cell tumours and non-germ cell tumours were detected. The mean age of the patients at diagnosis was 34 years (range 18-68 years). The histological types of rare testicular tumours were as follows: teratoma 4.5% (n=11), sex-cord stromal tumours 4.5% (n=11), paratesticular tumours 3.2% (n=8), and the others [lymphoma 0.4% (n=1), mesothelioma 0.4% (n=1) and choriocarcinoma 0.4% (n=1)]. The median duration of follow-up was 32 months (range 1 to 256 months). None of the patients with non-metastatic disease stage developed recurrence after having received appropriate therapy. Metastatic disease was documented in 9 cases at the time of diagnosis (five patients with teratomas, two patients with Leydig cell tumour, one patient with choriocarcinoma and rhabdomyosarcoma). The most common subtypes of testicular rare tumours in our center was teratoma and sex-cord stromal tumours. Because of testicular rare tumours have different biological features and different clinical outcomes, the management of each tumour requires a different approach.
Highlights
Testicular tumours constitute less than 1% of all male cancers and occur especially between the ages of 15 and 35 years
Testicular germ cell tumours include a heterogeneous group of neoplasms such as seminoma, yolk sac tumours, embryonal carcinoma, mixed germ cell tumours, teratoma, and choriocarcinoma (Williamson et al, 2017)
The files of patients diagnosed with teratoma and choriocarcinoma, which are rare from germ cell tumours, were separated
Summary
Testicular tumours constitute less than 1% of all male cancers and occur especially between the ages of 15 and 35 years. Testicular germ cell tumours include a heterogeneous group of neoplasms such as seminoma, yolk sac tumours, embryonal carcinoma, mixed germ cell tumours, teratoma, and choriocarcinoma (Williamson et al, 2017). The remaining (5%) involves non-germ cell tumours such as sex-cord stromal tumours, testicular lymphomas, and paratesticular tumours [sarcoma (liposarcoma, leiomyosarcoma, rhabdomyosarcoma)] (Williamson et al, 2017; Mooney and Kao, 2018). The clinical features of more common germ cell tumours such as seminoma, yolk sac tumours, embryonal carcinoma, mixed germ cell tumours are well known. We know little about rare testicular cancers including teratoma, choriocarcinoma, and non-germ cell tumours
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