Abstract
The effect of addition of Ca on the structure, thermal, mechanical, electrical and electrochemical properties of Pb-10Sn alloy was investigated for lead acid batteries applications in order to extend the life cycle of the gird by improving its mechanical and corrosion resistance. The material of lead acid battery grid mostly is based on Pb-Sn alloy. In the present work six rapidly solidified alloys of compositions (90-x)Pb-10Sn-xCa (x=0, 0.5, 1, 1.5, 2, 2.5 wt.%), were produced by melt-spinning technique. X-ray diffraction analysis and differential scanning calorimetry have been carried out. Also mechanical, electrical and electrochemical properties were measured. Here we show that the addition of 2.5 wt.% Ca to Pb-10Sn improves its mechanical properties this is evident in the increase of Young's modulus, microhardness number and microcreep behavior and enhances its corrosion resistance. Therefore the rapidly solidified melt-spun 87.5 wt.%Pb-10wt.%Sn-2.5wt.%Ca alloy is the most suitable alloy to be used as a grid in lead acid batteries.
Highlights
Lead acid battery (LAB) is an electrical power source for many applications such as vehicles, submarines and emergency systems
Pb-Sn, Pb-Sb and Pb-Ca-Sn alloys are commonly used in the production of both valves regulated lead acid (VRLA) and starting lighting and ignition (SLI) batteries Pb-Sb alloys corrode more rapidly than Pb-Sn [2,3]
According to the previous studies shown above the aim of the present work is to study the effect of addition of Ca and rapid solidification using melt spinning technique on the structure, physical and electrochemical properties of Pb-Sn alloys to be used as grids for lead acid batteries
Summary
Lead acid battery (LAB) is an electrical power source for many applications such as vehicles, submarines and emergency systems. The primary properties of interest in grid alloys for LAB are the mechanical strength and corrosion resistance, as well as the compatibility with the active materials and the electrochemical properties. Pb-Sn, Pb-Sb and Pb-Ca-Sn alloys are commonly used in the production of both valves regulated lead acid (VRLA) and starting lighting and ignition (SLI) batteries Pb-Sb alloys corrode more rapidly than Pb-Sn [2,3]. PbCa, Pb-Sb and Pb-Ca-Sn alloys are commonly used in the production of positive and negative grids, connectors, posts and straps components of lead acid batteries [5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12]
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