Rapid thermal deposited GeSe nanowires as a promising anode material for lithium-ion and sodium-ion batteries

Abstract

It is important to develop a simple, facile and environmentally friendly strategy for improving the properties of materials in various energy storage systems. Herein, a binder-free anode based on self-assembled nanowires structures with GeSe particles is formed through a rapid box thermal deposition and first reported as an advanced anode for lithium/sodium-ion batteries. For LIBs, it delivers an excellent energy storage performance with high specific capacity (~815.49 mAh g−1 at 200 mA g−1 after 300 cycles), superior rate capability (~578.49 mAh g−1 for 10 cycles at 4000 mA g−1) and outstanding cycling stability (~87.78% of capacity retention after 300 cycles). It even shows a high reversible capacity of 359.5 mAh g−1 at 500 mA g−1 after 2000 cycles. For SIBs, it shows good cycling stability (~433.4 mAh g−1 at 200 mA g−1 after 50 cycles with ~85.3% capacity retention) and rate performance (~299.7 mAh g−1 for 10 cycles at 1000 mA g−1). In this electrode, GeSe nanowires (GeSe-NWs) consist of nanoparticles with voids between them that shorten the diffusion length for lithium/sodium ions and electrons and buffer the volumetric variation during the lithium/sodium ion insertion/extraction process. In addition, the introduction of Ni foam frameworks enhances the electrical conductivity of the electrode and retains the structural integrity upon cycling. This approach provides a new perspective for investigating and synthesizing various novel and suitable materials for energy storage fields.