Rapid synthesis of high-entropy antimonides under air atmosphere using microwave method to ultra-high energy density supercapacitors

Abstract

Electrode materials based on battery-type energy storage principles have high capacity and energy density. However, the drastic structural volume changes caused by electrochemical reaction processes reduce the cyclic durability of the materials. The construction of high-entropy structures can enhance the material structure to accommodate the volume changes during ion embedding/detachment. In this study, a new high-entropy antimonide battery-type electrode material was synthesized for the first time using a domestic microwave oven under air atmosphere. Its lattice and structure were stabilized using high-entropy multi-element system to improve the electrode cycling stability while ensuring its high capacity. The high-entropy antimonides have a capacity of 1850.0 C g−1 at 1 A g−1 and maintain 82.0 % of the initial capacity after 10,000 cycles. Furthermore, the battery-supercapacitor hybrid device (BSH) assembled with Bi2O3 @single-walled carbon nanotube (SWCNT) has a reversible capacity of 600.0 C g−1, and the BSH showed an energy density of 125.0 Wh kg−1 at a power density of 750.0 W kg−1. The BSH meets the standard of secondary batteries, which provides a new feasible method for building energy storage devices with good performance.