Abstract
We first successfully synthesized Li1+x−yNb1−x−3yTix+4yO3 (LNT) solid solutions (0.13 ≤ x ≤ 0.18, 0 ≤ y ≤ 0.06) rapidly at 1373 K for one hour under 0.35 MPa by the controlling of air pressure using an air-pressure control atmosphere furnace. The composition is a formation area of a superstructure for LNT, in which the periodical intergrowth layer was formed in the matrix, and where it can be controlled by Ti content. Therefore, the sintering time depended on Ti content, and annealing was repeated for over 24 h until a homogeneous structure was formed using a conventional electric furnace. We clarified the mechanism of the rapid sintering using various microscale to nanoscale characterization techniques: X-ray diffraction, a scanning electron microscope, a transmission electron microscope (TEM), a Cs-corrected scanning TEM equipped with electron energy-loss spectroscopy, and X-ray absorption fine structure spectroscopy.
Highlights
In the Li2 O-Nb2 O5 -TiO2 system, Li1+x−y Nb1−x−3y Tix+4y O3 (0.05 ≤ x ≤ 0.3, 0 ≤ y ≤ 0.182) (LNT)forms with a superstructure known as the M-phase, which is formed by the periodical insertion of an intergrowth layer in a matrix with a trigonal structure
These results show that the sintering at 1273 was insufficient forhomogeneous the formation show that the sintering temperature at 1273 temperature
(0.13 ≤ x ≤ 0.18, 0 ≤ y ≤ 0.06), which is a simpler system that only requires the control of air pressure in the furnace
Summary
In the Li2 O-Nb2 O5 -TiO2 system, Li1+x−y Nb1−x−3y Tix+4y O3 (0.05 ≤ x ≤ 0.3, 0 ≤ y ≤ 0.182) (LNT). The second viewpoint is to compare the detailed microstructure between the Nb-solid and Ta-solid solutions [9] To apply this unique structure as a host material of phosphor, new phosphors have been investigated based on LNT or related structures made by a conventional electric furnace [10]. As a rapid sintering technique, the millimeter-wave heating system was used, and it succeeded in synthesizing M-phase at 1273 K for 1 h [7] This was achieved by a radiation of high-energy (24 GHz) in a high-electric field. This time, we pioneered a new rapid sintering technique, which uses a simpler furnace that only requires the control of air pressure. We report new knowledge for the rapid sintering of LNT ceramics, in which atomic diffusion was promoted under higher pressure than ordinary pressure
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