Abstract
The energy balance between the earth (and its atmosphere) absorbing solar radiation and its radiation into space determines the equilibrium temperature of the earth’s surface. The process of the earth and its atmosphere as a whole radiating long-wave electromagnetic waves into space includes the transmission of surface radiation by the atmosphere, absorption, reflection, reverse radiation, and atmospheric radiation to space, etc. When the concentration of greenhouse gases such as CO2 in the atmosphere changes, the absorption of surface radiation by the atmosphere also changes immediately, thereby changing the equilibrium temperature of the atmosphere and the surface. The relationship between equilibrium temperature and atmospheric CO2 content, or so-called the earth’s climate sensitivity, is a focus of climate dynamics research.
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