Abstract
We present the first clinical evidence of advanced squamous non-small cell lung cancer with severe thrombocytopenia showing dramatic improvement after first-line treatment with pembrolizumab plus autologous cytokine-induced killer cells.
Highlights
Despite great progress in the management of advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), chemotherapy remains the therapeutic mainstay for squamous NSCLC
After two courses of the immune checkpoint inhibitor and one course of CIK cell therapy, a computed tomography (CT) scan revealed a rapid regression in the tumor size (Figure 1)
After five courses of pembrolizumab and three courses of CIK cell therapy, a PET-CT scan showed that both tumor burden and radioactivity were significantly decreased (Figure 2)
Summary
Despite great progress in the management of advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), chemotherapy remains the therapeutic mainstay for squamous NSCLC. A PD-1 blocking antibody, was recently approved by the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) for patients with advanced NSCLC whose disease progressed during or after platinum-based chemotherapy [1, 2]. FDA has granted approval for Keytruda (pembrolizumab) to treat patients with advanced (metastatic) NSCLC whose disease has progressed after other treatments and with tumors that express a protein called PD-L1 [3]. Some clinical trials suggest that cytokine-induced killer cell (CIK cell) immunotherapy could improve the clinical outcome of advanced squamous cell NSCLC, the treatment is mainly combined with chemotherapy. We report here the successful management of a case of advanced squamous NSCLC with severe thrombocytopenia, treated with pembrolizumab combined with autologous CIK cells as first-line therapy
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