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Abstract
Moisture content (MC) is one of the most important quality parameters of green coffee beans. Therefore, its fast and reliable measurement is necessary. This study evaluated the feasibility of near infrared (NIR) spectroscopy and chemometrics for rapid and non-destructive prediction of MC in intact green coffee beans of both Coffea arabica (Arabica) and Coffea canephora (Robusta) species. Diffuse reflectance (log 1/R) spectra of intact beans were acquired using a bench top Fourier transform NIR instrument. MC was determined gravimetrically according to The International Organization for Standardization (ISO) 6673. Samples were split into subsets for calibration (n = 64) and independent validation (n = 44). A three-component partial least squares regression (PLSR) model using raw NIR spectra yielded a root mean square error of prediction (RMSEP) of 0.80% MC; a four component PLSR model using scatter corrected spectra yielded a RMSEP of 0.57% MC. A simplified PLS model using seven selected wavelengths (1155, 1212, 1340, 1409, 1724, 1908, and 2249 nm) yielded a similar accuracy (RMSEP: 0.77% MC) which opens the possibility of creating cheaper NIR instruments. In conclusion, NIR diffuse reflectance spectroscopy appears to be suitable for rapid and reliable MC prediction in intact green coffee; no separate model for Arabica and Robusta species is needed.
Highlights
IntroductionMoisture content (MC) is one of the most important quality parameters of green coffee beans
Moisture content (MC) is one of the most important quality parameters of green coffee beans.Most importing and exporting countries regulate MC as one of the quality standards for green coffee beans
The main goal of this paper was to study the feasibility of near infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) to predict moisture content (MC) in intact green coffee beans
Summary
Moisture content (MC) is one of the most important quality parameters of green coffee beans. Most importing and exporting countries regulate MC as one of the quality standards for green coffee beans. The safety range for MC is 8.0–12.5%, based on fresh matter [1,2,3]. MC outside the safety range impairs the bean quality and safety. Beans with a MC above 12.5% are not allowed to be shipped and traded [4]. MC below 8% causes shrunken beans and an unwanted appearance [5], whereas MC above
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