Abstract
Aflatoxin B1 poses grave threats to food and feed safety due to its strong carcinogenesis and toxicity, thus requiring ultrasensitive rapid on-site determination. Herein, a portable immunosensor based on chromatographic time-resolved fluoroimmunoassay was developed for sensitive and on-site determination of aflatoxin B1 in food and feed samples. Chromatographic time-resolved fluoroimmunoassay offered a magnified positive signal and low signal-to-noise ratio in time-resolved mode due to the absence of noise interference caused by excitation light sources. Compared with the immunosensing performance in previous studies, this platform demonstrated a wider dynamic range of 0.2-60 μg/kg, lower limit of detection from 0.06 to 0.12 µg/kg, and considerable recovery from 80.5% to 116.7% for different food and feed sample matrices. It was found to be little cross-reactivity with other aflatoxins (B2, G1, G2, and M1). In the case of determination of aflatoxin B1 in peanuts, corn, soy sauce, vegetable oil, and mouse feed, excellent agreement was found when compared with aflatoxin B1 determination via the conversational high-performance liquid chromatography method. The chromatographic time-resolved fluoroimmunoassay affords a powerful alternative for rapid on-site determination of aflatoxin B1 and holds a promise for food safety in consideration of practical food safety and environmental monitoring.
Highlights
Aflatoxin B1 (AFB1), one of the most toxic mycotoxins, is produced mainly by Aspergillus
Based on the home-made chromatographic time-resolved fluoroimmunoassay (CTRFIA) sensor (Fig 2), a rapid on-site immunoassay with enhanced sensitivity was developed for determination of AFB1 in food and feed
The relative standard deviations (RSDs) from these food and feed samples were below 10%, and the recoveries ranged from 83.8% to 106.1%, meeting sensing requirements
Summary
Aflatoxin B1 (AFB1), one of the most toxic mycotoxins, is produced mainly by Aspergillus. It is important to establish a rapid on-site assay for determining AFB1 in food and feed. After the first introduction of Eu3+ complexes by Weissman [10], the chromatographic time-resolved fluoroimmunoassay (CTRFIA) method was found to be extremely suitable for rapid on-site assay [11]. The CTRFIA offers many advantages: (1) rapidness due to its simplicity and less timeconsumption and reduced labor requirement in sample preparation and determination, (2) practicability for on-site assay due to easy automation and portability, and (3) excellent validation. To enhance the sensing sensitivity and reliability so as to meet the rapid on-site sensing requirement, a portable CTRFIA immunosensor was established for the determination of AFB1. To acquire the most possible minimum incubation time, tests were conducted on a blank peanut matrix spiked with 5 μg/kg AFB1 using different incubation time from 2 min to 15 min
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