Abstract
Background: In Ecuador, tuberculosis (TB) remains a serious problem that is complicated by the emergence of multidrug-resistant TB (MDR-TB). To evaluate this problem, this study was carried out at the Social Security Hospital (IESS) in Guayaquil, Ecuador from 2013 to 2015. Methods: The Xpert TB/RIF system was used to detect TB and MDR-TB and a survey was carried out to identify the factors that are potentially causing MDR-TB. Findings: 200 TB patients were confirmed on 5649 suspected patients and 20 (10%) with MDR-TB. It was observed that the annual prevalence of TB and MDR-TB had declining during study period. Trends have been declining but co-infection has doubled since 2009 with 16% of patients co-infected with HIV. Potential resistance factors identified were: disruption in drug supply, lack of resources and lack of credibility of treatment.
Highlights
TB is an old disease that is far from being resolved
It was observed that the annual prevalence of TB and multidrug-resistant TB (MDR-TB) had declining during study period
343 smears were analyzed for the presence of Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB) and confirmed by PCR. 76% of TB patients were men with a mean age of 42 years (IQR 28 - 59), 75% under 60 years and 50% under 42 years
Summary
TB is an old disease that is far from being resolved. in 1993 WHO declared that it was a global emergency. MDR-TB was defined as that occurs in TB patients with resistance to the two most effective first-line agents: isoniazid and rifampicin. It was generally estimated in 2014 that MDR-TB represents 3.3% of new cases and 20% of retreatment cases [2]. XDR-TB is a resistant form with additional resistance to more drugs It has been reported in 105 countries around the world. In Ecuador, tuberculosis (TB) remains a serious problem that is complicated by the emergence of multidrug-resistant TB (MDR-TB) To evaluate this problem, this study was carried out at the Social Security Hospital (IESS) in Guayaquil, Ecuador from 2013 to 2015. Potential resistance factors identified were: disruption in drug supply, lack of resources and lack of credibility of treatment
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