Rapid latex agglutination test for the serodiagnosis of human brucellosis

Abstract

We developed and evaluated a user-friendly latex agglutination assay for the serodiagnosis of human brucellosis. The assay was obtained by coating colored latex beads with Brucella lipopolysaccharides and drying of the activated beads onto white agglutination cards. Individual cards were sealed in a protective foil to secure stability of the dried reagent and to obtain a test in a single assay format. The latex agglutination assay is simply performed by suspending the dried latex reagent in a drop of serum and looking for macroscopic agglutination of the latex beads by visual inspection. Results are obtained within 30 s after mixing the sample with the test reagent. The sensitivity of the assay was determined to be 89.1% (95% confidence interval [CI], 76–96) for the initial serum samples collected from patients with culture-confirmed brucellosis and the specificity is 98.2% (95% CI, 96–99). The assay is ideal for use as a field test in remote areas and as point-of-care test in hospitals and health care centers that lack the expertise and facilities to perform the more demanding classic serologic tests.