Abstract
Abstract. We propose a method to compute tsunami runup heights that is based on an integration of numerical, 2-D shallow-water modelling and an analytical, 1-D long-wave runup theory. This approach provides a faster forecast of tsunami runup heights than a complicated coastal inundation model. Through simulations of potential tsunami scenarios, this approach can also be applied to long-term tsunami prediction. We tested the model by simulating the historical event in the East (Japan) Sea and found that the estimates of runup heights agreed well with the available observations.
Highlights
Numerical modeling of the propagation of tsunami waves is an important tool for forecasting tsunami heights and the risks posed to coastal populations
The direct calculation of the propagation of the tsunami wave from its source to the coastal zone using a single numerical model results in low accuracy
The runup height in coastal zones must be predicted well in advance, and it is for this reason that the Korea Meteorological Administration (KMA) uses the vertical wall approximation in its model of wave propagation
Summary
The formula describing the runup of sine and solitary waves on a planar beach is used to approximate the tsunami runup heights; see, for instance, Choi et al (2002a) and Ward and Asphaug (2003). We consider the wave runup on the same planar beach with no vertical wall, assuming that the incident monochromatic wave has the same amplitude A(ω) as before In this case, the bounded (on the shore) solution to (5) is η(x,ω) = 2 · A(ω) · J0(ζ ). Considering the two geometries of a nearshore planar beach (in the runup study) and a planar beach with a vertical wall at a fixed depth (the equivalent boundary condition), we have shown that the runup height can be expressed through the characteristics of the water oscillations on the vertical wall This procedure is rapid and realised on computers. As noted earlier, the maximal runup height computed by linear and nonlinear theories is the same, suggesting that this last limitation is less important The appropriateness of these assumptions can be www.nat-hazards-earth-syst-sci.net/11/707/2011/. A general description of this event is given in (Choi et al, 1994, 2003)
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