Abstract
This work presents the rapid electrodeposition of Fe–Ni alloy foils from chloride baths containing trivalent iron ions at a low pH (<0.0). The effect of the concentration of Ni2+ ions on the content, surface morphology, crystal structure, and tensile property of Fe–Ni alloys is studied in detail. The results show that the co-deposition of Fe and Ni is controlled by the adsorption of divalent nickel species at low current density and the ionic diffusion at high current density. The current density of preparing smooth and flexible Fe–Ni alloy foils is increased by increasing the concentration of Ni2+ ions, consequently the deposition rate of Fe–Ni alloy foils is increased. For example, at 0.6 M Ni2+ ions, the current density can be applied at 50 A·dm−2, along with a high deposition rate of ~288 μm·h−1.
Highlights
Electrodeposition of the Fe–Ni alloy is receiving constant attention because the method is considered as easy and cost-effective and Fe–Ni alloys have many desirable performances in the mechanical, magnetic, electrical, corrosion, and wear-resistant fields [1]
The current density (CD) range of the electrodeposition of Fe–Ni alloy foils2+was selected by the applied current in the chloride baths containing different concentrations of Ni ions2+(CNi ) from tuning the applied current in the chloride baths containing different concentrations of Ni ions (CNi)
Smooth and flexible Fe–Ni alloy foils were successfully prepared by tuning the current densities
Summary
Electrodeposition of the Fe–Ni alloy is receiving constant attention because the method is considered as easy and cost-effective and Fe–Ni alloys have many desirable performances in the mechanical, magnetic, electrical, corrosion, and wear-resistant fields [1]. In baths described above, the applied current density in the chloride baths is usually higher than other baths, but it is still low, for example, only 10 A·dm−2 [3], 0.8 A·dm−2 [4], 2 A·dm−2 [5] and 0.5 A·dm−2 [6] It is desirable for the electrodeposition process of Fe–Ni alloy foil to be carried out with a high current density, needed for a high production efficiency. It is usually considered that a key point is the control of Fe3+ ions in the above baths, because the formed insoluble Fe(OH) , especially at high pH (>2), could be incorporated into deposits [4], resulting in serious performance degradation [13]. The effect of the concentration of Ni2+ ions and current density on the electrodeposition of Fe–Ni alloy foils and their structure and mechanical property will be discussed
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