Abstract
We demonstrate a novel method for the selective extraction and electrochemical detection of S100β disease biomarker. The protein is extracted from blood plasma using target-specific gold coated magnetic nanoparticles. This is followed by the rapid reduction of the disulfide bond structure of the purified protein using chronoamperometry and its immobilisation onto a nanostructured gold electrode. The protein concentration is quantified down to 10 pM (120 ng l−1), by electrochemical desorption using differential pulse voltammetry (DPV). The new method was used to extract and determine S100β in spiked blood plasma and the DPV quantification was cross-validated against enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) where the percent agreement between the two measurements was 96.54%. Therefore, this method has strong potential for the sensitive determination of S100β. In addition, 65% of proteins have similar disulfide bond structure. Therefore, the new method can be utilised for the determination of many disease biomarkers after optimizing specific extractor nanomaterial for the target biomarker.
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