Abstract
Estradiol can act extracellularly to rapidly enhance dopamine (DA) activity in striatum and nucleus accumbens (NAcc) as well as the behavioral response to psychomotor stimulants. Considerable research has demonstrated that the effects of estradiol on behavioral and neurochemical indices of DA activity in the striatum are found in female but not male rats. Furthermore, natural variation in circulating hormones modulates this neural system. During naturally occurring behavioral estrus, amphetamine (AMPH)-induced striatal DA release and AMPH-induced behaviors are potentiated relative to other days of the estrous cycle. Ovariectomy (OVX) attenuates, whereas estradiol treatment in OVX rats rapidly enhances, striatal DA release and behaviors that are thought to be mediated by striatal DA activity. Estradiol has similar effects on dopamine activity in the NAcc.
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