Rapid Determination of the Geographical Origin of Chinese Red Peppers (Zanthoxylum Bungeanum Maxim.) Based on Sensory Characteristics and Chemometric Techniques.

Xiangqian Yin,Jianguo Xu,Xiaoxue Xu,Qiang Zhang

doi:10.3390/molecules23051001

Xiangqian Yin, Jianguo Xu + Show 2 more

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https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules23051001

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Journal: Molecules (Basel, Switzerland)	Publication Date: Apr 24, 2018
Citations: 11	License type: CC BY 4.0

Affiliation: Shanxi Normal University

Abstract

In this paper, principal component analysis (PCA), linear discriminant analysis (LDAp, artificial neural networks (ANN), and support vector machine (SVM) were applied to discriminate the geographical origin of Chinese red peppers (Zanthoxylum bungeanum Maxim.). The models based on color, smell and taste may discriminate quickly and effectively the geographical origin of Chinese red peppers from different regions, but the successful identification rates may vary with different kinds of parameters and chemometric methods. Among them, all models based on taste indexes showed an excellent ability to discriminate the geographical origin of Chinese red peppers with correct classifications of 100% for the training set and the 100% for test set. The present study provided a simple, efficient, inexpensive, practical and fast method to discriminate the geographical origin of Chinese red peppers from different regions, which was of great importance for both consumers and producers.

Highlights

Chinese red pepper (Zanthoxylum bungeanum Maxim.) is an aromatic tree and shrub plant belonging to the genus Zanthoxylum of the family Rutaceae and native to eastern China that is mainly distributed in Hebei, Shanxi, Shaanxi, Sichuan, Gansu, and Shandong provinces of China and some Southeast Asian countries
The blue (B) value from Maoxian (MX) pericarp was higher than others, but no significant difference was found among samples from different origins
The chemometric methods—including linear discriminant analysis (LDA), artificial neural networks (ANN) and support vector machine (SVM)—found that combining sensory characteristics may discriminate the geographical origin of Chinese red peppers quickly and effectively from different regions, but the successful identification rates may vary with different kinds of parameters and chemometric methods

Summary

Introduction

Chinese red pepper (Zanthoxylum bungeanum Maxim.) is an aromatic tree and shrub plant belonging to the genus Zanthoxylum of the family Rutaceae and native to eastern China that is mainly distributed in Hebei, Shanxi, Shaanxi, Sichuan, Gansu, and Shandong provinces of China and some Southeast Asian countries. It grows quickly and matures after three years, yielding fruit that consists of Z. bungeanum, namely, the red shell, which is an important spice, and dark seed, a side product of Z. bungeanum.

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