Rapid determination of mefenamic acid by ion mobility spectrometry after ultrasound-assisted extraction by HKUST-1 metal-organic framework: a simple strategy for food safety control

Abstract

Mefenamic acid (MFA), (2- [2, 3-dimethylphenyl amino] benzoic acid) is an acidic nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) that is widely used in veterinary medicine. Because of entering residue of mefenamic acid in drinking water, food products and indeed in the food chains, the potential risk on customer’s health increases. Therefore, the development of test methods for monitoring of this drug in animal tissue and food samples is needed. In this study, a combination of ultrasound metal-organic framework dispersive solid-phase extraction with ion mobility spectrometry was used for selective, sensitive and rapid determination of MFA residues in food samples. HKUST-1 (copper (II) benzene- 1, 3, 5- tricarboxylate) metal-organic framework (MOF) was synthesized in a green route and used as solid phase for extraction of MFA residues of real samples. Effective parameters such as extraction time, amount of sorbent, pH and were optimized to achieve the best extraction process. The Effect of ultrasonic waves on the desorption step in extraction was studied and results show using ultrasound waves causes an increase in extraction recovery from 68 to 97%. Under optimum conditions, the method exhibits the linear range of 2.0–150.0 μg L−1 (R2 = 0.9989) with a detection limit of 0.4 μg L−1 and a low relative standard deviation (˂ 5%). The proposed method was applied for the extraction and determination of trace amounts of MFA in real samples such as drinking water, milk, baby food, and body supplement powder.