Abstract
BackgroundDuring conversion of bamboo into biofuels and chemicals, it is necessary to efficiently predict the chemical composition and digestibility of biomass. However, traditional methods for determination of lignocellulosic biomass composition are expensive and time consuming. In this work, a novel and fast method for quantitative and qualitative analysis of chemical composition and enzymatic digestibilities of juvenile bamboo and mature bamboo fractions (bamboo green, bamboo timber, bamboo yellow, bamboo node, and bamboo branch) using visible–near infrared spectra was evaluated.ResultsThe developed partial least squares models yielded coefficients of determination in calibration of 0.88, 0.94, and 0.96, for cellulose, xylan, and lignin of bamboo fractions in raw spectra, respectively. After visible–near infrared spectra being pretreated, the corresponding coefficients of determination in calibration yielded by the developed partial least squares models are 0.994, 0.990, and 0.996, respectively. The score plots of principal component analysis of mature bamboo, juvenile bamboo, and different fractions of mature bamboo were obviously distinguished in raw spectra. Based on partial least squares discriminant analysis, the classification accuracies of mature bamboo, juvenile bamboo, and different fractions of bamboo (bamboo green, bamboo timber, bamboo yellow, and bamboo branch) all reached 100 %. In addition, high accuracies of evaluation of the enzymatic digestibilities of bamboo fractions after pretreatment with aqueous ammonia were also observed.ConclusionsThe results showed the potential of visible–near infrared spectroscopy in combination with multivariate analysis in efficiently analyzing the chemical composition and hydrolysabilities of lignocellulosic biomass, such as bamboo fractions.Electronic supplementary materialThe online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s13068-016-0443-z) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
Highlights
During conversion of bamboo into biofuels and chemicals, it is necessary to efficiently predict the chemical composition and digestibility of biomass
After juvenile bamboo emerges in early April or thereabouts, it typically reaches a mature state in less than two months with an average height of 15 m and an aboveground carbon mass of 3.95 kg [8], which makes it difficult to distinguish between juvenile bamboo and mature bamboo
Considering the operating mode and efficiency, PLS2 model was better in quantitative prediction of chemical composition of bamboo
Summary
During conversion of bamboo into biofuels and chemicals, it is necessary to efficiently predict the chemical composition and digestibility of biomass. The study on the anatomical, physical, and mechanical properties is important for the selection of suitable bamboo for industrial use, construction, and housing [5]. The physical properties of the bamboo are significantly affected by the distribution and contents of cellulose, hemicellulose, and lignin. The difference in lignin contents results in a significant difference in physical and mechanical properties between mature bamboo and juvenile bamboo [6]. Juvenile bamboo belongs to immature bamboo shoot becoming inedible owing to the increase of rough fiber [7] and not being used as raw materials for furniture, construction, and pulp and paper due to the weakness in mechanical properties. It is significant to discriminate them quickly and accurately
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