Abstract
The transmitted current in a crossed-field gap has been characterized analytically by a number of authors. Using a one dimensional PIC simulation, we explore the behavior of the crossed-field diode at B=BHull. For mono-energetic (cold) emission, a rapid reduction of transmitted current is observed when the injected current exceeds the critical current by just 1%. The addition of a small electron temperature normal to the cathode eliminates the transition, even for kT/V∼10−5 (V=10 kV, gap = 1 cm, B=337 G, J=1.69 A/cm2), while an isotropic velocity distribution accelerates the transition.
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