Rapid and selective removal of Cs+ from water by layered potassium antimony thiostannate

Abstract

137Cs is radioactive and highly hazardous to human health and the environment and its efficient removal from water is still challenging. In this study, potassium antimony tin sulfide (KATS-2) was synthesized using a hydrothermal method and utilized for the first time for cesium removal from water. KATS-2 showed a high maximum ion exchange capacity (358 mg g−1) and distribution coefficient (1.59 × 105 mL g−1) toward Cs+. In particular, KATS-2 showed rapid ion exchange kinetics and reached the adsorption equilibrium within 5 min with 99% removal efficiency. The adsorption was good at a wide active pH range (1–12) even in extreme alkaline conditions (Kd = 3.26 × 104 mL g−1 at pH 12). The effect of coexisting ions was also investigated, and a high selectivity toward Cs+ was maintained even in artificial seawater (Kd = 3.28 × 103 mL g−1). Powder X-ray diffraction and thermogravimetric analysis demonstrated that KATS-2 was chemically and thermally stable. The results showed that owing to its excellent adsorption performance as well as chemical and thermal stability, KATS-2 is a promising adsorbent for Cs+ removal from contaminated water.