Abstract
Detection of picric acid (PA) is of great significance to environmental protection and public safety. Most sensors reported for PA were constructed via a direct quenching approach. In this work, an innovative fluorescent probe based on perylene diimide derivative (PdE-PDI) has been designed from the self-assembly's point of view. The formation of supramolecular complex (PdE-PDI/PA) will lead to fluorescence quenching of the system, affording sensitive and selective detection of PA in 100% aqueous solution. Systematic investigation indicated the synergistic effect of non-covalent interactions resulted in the self-assembly PdE-PDI and PA, including static electricity, hydrophobic interaction, charge transfer and π-π stacking. The detection limit of the probe is 37 nmol L−1 and the linear range is of 0.2–1.4 μmol L−1, possessing good selectivity and anti-interference ability. The visual detection limit of the naked-eye fluorescence sensing of PA is 10 μmol L−1. Finally, this probe was successfully applied in the monitoring of PA in real samples, which achieve the recovery rate in the range of 80–113.3%.
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