Abstract
The classification of plastic waste before recycling is of great significance to achieve effective recycling. In order to achieve rapid, nondestructive, and on-site detection, a portable near-infrared spectrometer was used in this study to obtain the diffuse reflectance spectrum for both standard and commercial plastics made by ABS, PC, PE, PET, PP, PS, and PVC. After applying a series of pretreatments, the principal component analysis (PCA) was used to analyze the cluster trend. K-nearest neighbor (KNN), support vector machine (SVM), and back propagation neural network (BPNN) classification models were developed and evaluated, respectively. The result showed that different plastics could be well separated in top three principal components space after pretreatment, and the classification models performed excellent classification results and high generalization capability. This study indicated that the portable NIR spectrometer, integrated with chemometrics, could achieve excellent performance and has great potential in the field of commercial plastic identification.
Highlights
Plastics are ubiquitous in all aspects of modern life
K-nearest neighbor (KNN), support vector machine (SVM), and back propagation neural network (BPNN) were applied for modeling
NIR spectroscopy has been considered as an effective method for the identification of plastic solid waste (PSW). is study has revealed that the handheld NIR spectrometer, rather than laboratory equipment, coupling with appropriate pretreatment and multivariate analysis methods, could be used to identify standard plastic samples and consumer-grade plastics for field application
Summary
Plastics are ubiquitous in all aspects of modern life. Global plastic production has grown from 2 million tons in 1950, when plastic was initially conducted to large-scale production and use, to 380 million tons in 2015, which has increased approximately 190 times [1, 2]. e Ellen MacArthur Foundation reported that plastic use had increased 20-fold over the past half-century and predicted that plastic production would double again in the 20 years and nearly quadruple by 2050, leading to an increase in plasticrelated waste [3]. E Ellen MacArthur Foundation reported that plastic use had increased 20-fold over the past half-century and predicted that plastic production would double again in the 20 years and nearly quadruple by 2050, leading to an increase in plasticrelated waste [3]. 50% of plastic produced is intended for single-use disposable products [4], such as packaging bags, water bottles, and disposable consumer goods. Driven by the concept of circular economy, the efficient recycling of plastics and polymers has become an emerging need in the past few years. Plastic waste can be recycled through various methods, such as thermal depolymerization and thermal compression. Due to high temperatures and the effect of oxygen, the plastic will oxidatively degrade during mechanical recycling, changing its thermal stability and mechanical property and limiting its further use [6, 7]
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