Rapid Analysis of the Essential Oil Components in Dried Lavender by Magnetic Microsphere-Assisted Microwave Distillation Coupled with HS-SPME Followed by GC-MS

Abstract

In this work, microwave distillation (MD) assisted by magnetic Fe3O4 hollow microspheres (MFHMs) and headspace solid-phase microextraction (HS-SPME) were combined and developed for determination of essential oil components in dried lavender. The Fe3O4 were used as microwave absorption solid medium for dry distillation of dried lavender. Using the proposed method, isolation, extraction, and concentration of essential oil compounds can be carried out in a single step. The effects of the experimental parameters were investigated. The optimal analytical conditions were fiber coating of 30 μm divinyl benzene/carboxen/polydimethyl siloxane (DVB/CAR/PDMS), microwave power of 600 W, irradiation time of 15 min, and the addition of 5 mg Fe3O4 to the sample. Thirty-nine compounds in the essential oils of lavender were obtained and identified. Relative standard deviation (RSD) values less than 9% show that the present method has good precision. Principal component analysis (PCA) was used to differentiate lavender varieties and to identify discriminant varietal markers. The results showed that the MFHM-assisted MD-HS-SPME is a simple, rapid, reliable, and solvent-free technique for the determination of essential oil components in dried plant materials such as traditional Chinese medicine (TCM).