Abstract
In this study, polyols with high average functionality were synthesized from a renewable resource, rapeseed oil, as raw material for rigid PU foam production. A well-known method of rapeseed oil fatty acid double bond epoxidation was used to introduce oxirane rings into rapeseed oil structure. The temperature influence on epoxidation reaction conversion rate was studied by volumetric and FTIR spectra analysis. After epoxidation of rapeseed oil, an oxirane ring-opening reaction was carried out to obtain high functionality polyols. Diethylene glycol, a conventional oxirane ring-opening reagent, was compared to amine-based polyfunctional alcohols, diethanolamine and triethanolamine. The introduction of tertiary amine groups into the polyol structure provided catalytical properties for obtained polyols, which will allow a reduction of the amount of catalysts in polyurethane foam formulations. Hydroxyl value, acid value, moisture content, viscosity and density of synthesized polyols were determined, and their structure and average functionality were analyzed by FTIR and MALDI-TOF spectroscopy and GPC analysis. Also, the main characteristics of rigid PU foam obtained from synthesized polyols were determined.
Highlights
Renewable resources for polymer production have soybean, today’s second largest oil crop, has shown an been widely studied in the past decade
The main oils, except castor oil, have to be chemically modified feedstock for biobased polyol production is different before they can be used for PU material production as natural oils, like soybean oil, palm oil, sunflower oil, they do not contain hydroxyl groups
Ozonolysis of double bonds can be obtained from palm oil polyol which was obtained used to obtain biobased polyols [7, 8], as well as other in transesterification process with glycerol showed a methods
Summary
Shown a steady increase from about 23 million metric tonnes (MMT) in 1967 to 129 MMT in 2007. The main applicaoil that already has hydroxyl groups in its structure, tion of such fatty acid monoglycerides is as nonionic was transesterified with TEA to increase polyol’s surfactant used as emulsifiers in the food, detergent hydroxyl value Such polyol was used to obtain rigid and cosmetics industries. Such ble oil by changing the epoxy ring-opening reagents. The most common way to obtain polyols thermal insulation material and their thermal confrom natural oils is by using epoxidation of double ductivity, apparent density and compression strength bonds and epoxy ring opening with diols. The start of kinetic measurement was set when all hydrogen peroxide was added
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