Ranolazine, a Novel Agent for Chronic Stable Angina

Abstract

One of the first signs of ischemic heart disease may manifest as chronic stable angina, a mismatch between oxygen supply and demand. With more than approximately 16.5 million people each year having stable angina, development of new therapies to help control this disease state are warranted. Ranolazine, a novel agent exerting its effect through a partial fatty oxidase inhibitor, is one of the first new drugs in more than 20 years to be developed for chronic stable angina. Working through enzymatic modulation, instead of altering myocardial hemodynamics, ranolazine appears to be effective. An overview of chronic stable angina is provided, the American College of Cardiology-American Heart Association (ACC-AHA) current pharmacologic treatment guidelines are reviewed, and the mechanism of action of ranolazine is explored. Finally, the major clinical trials supporting its place in medical therapy are discussed. Additional clinical trials are under way to further elucidate ranolazine's exact role in the treatment of chronic stable angina. From results of the existing phase III clinical trials, however, the most beneficial potential role of ranolazine in the treatment algorithm of chronic stable angina appears to be as adjunctive therapy to the recommended ACC-AHA treatment modalities.