Range-Free Localization in Wireless Sensor Networks with Neural Network Ensembles

Jun Zheng,Asghar Dehghani

doi:10.3390/jsan1030254

Abstract

In wireless sensor networks (WSNs), the location information of sensor nodes are important for implementing other network applications. In this paper, we propose a range-free Localization algorithm based on Neural Network Ensembles (LNNE). The location of a sensor node is estimated by LNNE solely based on the connectivity information of the WSN. Through simulation study, the performance of LNNE is compared with that of two well-known range-free localization algorithms, Centroid and DV-Hop, and a single neural network based localization algorithm, LSNN. The experimental results demonstrate that LNNE consistently outperforms other three algorithms in localization accuracy. An enhanced mass spring optimization (EMSO) algorithm is also proposed to further improve the performance of LNNE by utilizing the location information of neighboring beacon and unknown nodes.

Highlights

Wireless sensor networks (WSNs) are the collections of spatially distributed autonomous inexpensive sensors with limited resources that are deployed in two or three dimensional geographic domains and cooperatively monitor physical or environmental conditions [1]
We demonstrate that the localization accuracy can be significantly improved by using neural network ensemble (NNE)
The localization system, Localization algorithm based on Neural Network Ensembles (LNNE), only utilize the connectivity information of the network to estimate the location of sensor nodes

Summary

Introduction

Wireless sensor networks (WSNs) are the collections of spatially distributed autonomous inexpensive sensors with limited resources that are deployed in two or three dimensional geographic domains and cooperatively monitor physical or environmental conditions [1]. 2012, 1 information of sensor nodes is important for many WSN applications such as network management, monitoring, target tracking, geographic routing, etc. The position of a sensor can be acquired with an integrated Global Positioning System (GPS) module, it is extremely expensive to have. GPS modules equipped on all the sensor nodes in WSNs. An alternative solution is that only a limited number of nodes called beacon nodes or anchor nodes can equip GPS modules to accurately acquire their positions [2]. The beacon nodes will assist the positioning of other nodes without GPS modules (called unknown nodes) based on a localization algorithm

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