Abstract
Objective:Obesity in the United States is highly prevalent, approaching 60% for black women. We investigated whether nutrition education sessions at the work place added to internet-based wellness information and exercise resources would facilitate weight and fat mass loss in a racially diverse population of overweight female employees.Methods:A total of 199 (average body mass index 33.9±6.3 kg m−2) nondiabetic women (57% black) at our institution were randomized to a 6-month program of either internet-based wellness information (WI) combined with dietitian-led nutrition education group sessions (GS) weekly for 3 months and then monthly with shift in emphasis to weight loss maintenance (n=99) or to WI alone (n=100). All were given access to exercise rooms convenient to their work site. Fat mass was measured by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry.Results:WI+GS subjects lost more weight than WI subjects at 3 months (−2.2±2.8 vs −1.0±3.0 kg, P>0.001). Weight (−2.7±3.9 vs −2.0±3.9 kg) and fat mass (−2.2±3.1 vs −1.7±3.7 kg) loss at 6 months was significant for WI+GS and WI groups (both P<0.001), but without significant difference between groups (both P>0.10); 27% of the WI+GS group achieved ⩾5% loss of initial weight as did 18% of the WI group (P=0.180). Blacks and whites similarly completed the study (67 vs 74%, P=0.303), lost weight (−1.8±3.4 vs −3.3±5.2 kg, P=0.255) and fat mass (−1.6±2.7 vs −2.5±4.3 kg, P=0.532), and achieved ⩾5% loss of initial weight (21 vs 32%, P=0.189), irrespective of group assignment.Conclusion:Overweight women provided with internet-based wellness information and exercise resources at the work site lost weight and fat mass, with similar achievement by black and white women. Additional weight loss benefit of nutrition education sessions, apparent at 3 months, was lost by 6 months and may require special emphasis on subjects who fail to achieve weight loss goals to show continued value.
Highlights
In the United States, nearly 70% of adults are overweight and more than 30% of women are obese.[1]
Successful weight loss by women has been reported with inclusion of some form of an interactive approach, such as group sessions designed in accordance with social cognitive theory,[19] including programs designed and led by registered dietitians[20,21,22] in accordance with guidelines from the Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics.[23]
We reasoned that small-group nutrition education—designed and conducted by registered dietitians—would be an effective method for weight loss in a racially diverse population of overweight female employees when
Summary
In the United States, nearly 70% of adults are overweight and more than 30% of women are obese.[1] The prevalence of obesity is high among underrepresented minority populations, B60% for black women.[1] Previous studies have indicated that employees in the United States spend large portions of the work day sedentary, which likely contributes to energy intake in excess of energy expenditure.[2,3] Because of the adverse impact of physical inactivity and obesity on health care costs, many organizations have initiated ‘wellness’ programs, which may include facilities at the work site to encourage exercise.[4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12,13,14,15,16,17,18] These programs have often resulted in improved fitness for participants, weight loss has been more difficult to achieve.[5,6,13,14,17]. We reasoned that small-group nutrition education—designed and conducted by registered dietitians—would be an effective method for weight loss in a racially diverse population of overweight female employees when
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