Abstract
ObjectiveThe design of this study was due to the report of the antioxidant properties of Ellagic acid (EA) for its evaluation on the Insulin resistance (IR), oxidative stress and sex hormones levels in women with polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS).MethodsIn this randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial, 60 patients were recruited. Patients were randomly allocated consumed a capsule containing 200 mg of EA per day (n = 30) or placebo (n = 30) for 8 weeks. The fasting blood sugar (FBS), insulin, IR, total cholesterol (TC), triglycerides (TG), low density lipoprotein (LDL), high density lipoprotein (HDL), total antioxidant capacity (TAC), Malondialdehyde (MDA), C-reactive protein (CRP), Tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), sex hormones and anti-mullerian hormone (AMH) were measured at the beginning and end of the study.ResultAt the end of the study, the mean of FBS, insulin, IR, TC, TG, LDL, MDA, CRP, TNF-α, total testosterone, prolactin and AMH were significantly decreased in the intervention group compared to the placebo group (P < 0.05). Also, there was a significant increase in the mean of TAC after supplementation with EA (P < 0.05). At the end of the study, no significant changes were observed in the mean of anthropometric factors, physical activity and food intake (P > 0.05).ConclusionEA supplementation can be helpful as a diet supplement in women with PCOS through improvement in insulin resistance. This supplement may be used to reduce metabolic disorders in women.Trial registrationThis study was retrospectively (07–07-2019) registered in the Iranian website (www.irct.ir) for registration of clinical trials (IRCT20141025019669N12).
Highlights
Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a common endocrine disorder that affects about 5–10% of women before menopause [1]
Ellagic acid (EA) supplementation can be helpful as a diet supplement in women with PCOS through improvement in insulin resistance
Due to the antioxidant and inflammatory effects that have been reported about EA and the lack of human studies of this polyphenol supplementation in PCOS, the present study aimed to investigate the effect of EA on blood glucose, insulin resistance (IR), lipid profile, oxidative stress status, inflammatory factors, sex hormone levels and anti-mullerian hormone in women with PCOS
Summary
Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a common endocrine disorder that affects about 5–10% of women before menopause [1] The prevalence of this disorder varies from 2 to 26% in different countries, which can be due to differences in the population under study, the variety of criteria used to define it, the inconsistent cut-off points, and the method used to define each criterion [2]. Lack of ovulation or limited ovulation with elevated biological testosterone levels and increased production of ovarian androgens are symptoms of this disorder [4] In this condition, the patient is more likely to develop insulin resistance (IR), obesity and an increased risk of type 2 diabetes [5]. Increased pro-inflammatory cytokines play an important role in causing systemic IR and thereby worsening the syndrome [8]
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