Abstract
BackgroundOne of the types of doping that is commonly used by bodybuilders, is androgenic-anabolic steroids (AAS). The use of AAS besides violating sporting ethics would have serious consequences on physical and mental health statuses. This study aimed to determine the most important factors of using AAS among bodybuilders by prototype willingness model (PWM).MethodsIn this analytical cross-sectional study, 280 male bodybuilders were selected from the bodybuilding clubs in Hamadan city using multistage sampling in 2016. A self-administered questionnaire consisting of demographic information and constructs of the PWM was then used to collect data and random forest model was also applied to analyze the collected data.ResultsBehavioral willingness, attitude, and previous AAS use were found as the most important factors in determining the behavioral intention. Moreover, subjective norms, attitude, BMI, and prototypes were the factors with the greatest effect on predicting behavioral willingness of AAS use. As well, behavioral intention was observed to be more important than behavioral willingness for predicting of AAS use.DiscussionThe obtained results show that the reasoned action path has a greater impact to predict AAS use among bodybuilders compared to social reaction path.
Highlights
One of the types of doping that is commonly used by bodybuilders, is androgenic-anabolic steroids (AAS)
In order to evaluate the performance of the random forest model, we divided the obtained data into two parts, in a way that 80% of the data was used for training and 20% others were used for testing
As shown in this table, among these structures, the highest correlation was found to be between behavioral intention score and behavioral willingness score for AAS use (r = 0.574, P-value < 0.001)
Summary
One of the types of doping that is commonly used by bodybuilders, is androgenic-anabolic steroids (AAS). It. Manoochehri et al BMC Sports Science, Medicine and Rehabilitation (2021) 13:30 as follows: Increasing muscle mass, increasing physical strength, dietary supplementation, and making the body more beautiful [7]. Manoochehri et al BMC Sports Science, Medicine and Rehabilitation (2021) 13:30 as follows: Increasing muscle mass, increasing physical strength, dietary supplementation, and making the body more beautiful [7] Another important reason for AAS use is to be competitive in bodybuilding competitions [8]. Some experts believe that one of the reasons for the failure of educational programs is the lack of paying enough attention to psychosocial factors such as having the ability to reject the offer for use and selfcontrol [13] In this regard, to explain the phenomenon of substance use, different theories have been proposed.
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