Random Currents and Continuity of Ising Model’s Spontaneous Magnetization

Abstract

The spontaneous magnetization is proved to vanish continuously at the critical temperature for a class of ferromagnetic Ising spin systems which includes the nearest neighbor ferromagnetic Ising spin model on $\mathbb Z^d$ in $d=3$ dimensions. The analysis applies also to higher dimensions, for which the result is already known, and to systems with interactions of power law decay. The proof employs in an essential way an extension of Ising model's random current representation to the model's infinite volume limit. Using it, we relate the continuity of the magnetization to the vanishing of the free boundary condition Gibbs state's Long Range Order parameter. For reflection positive models the resulting criterion for continuity may be established through the infrared bound for all but the borderline case, of the one dimensional model with $1/r^2$ interaction, for which the spontaneous magnetization is known to be discontinuous at $T_c$.