Abstract
Internet of things (IoT) requires an internet network for data communication between machines. Wifi is not always available outdoors and requires more portable data communication. This study aims to design a prototype Wireless Sensor Network (WSN) based on nRF24L01 and solar-powered SIM800l for outdoor IoT implementation. The study used a total of five IoT devices with four nodes with nRF24L01 and one node with nRF24L01 and SIM800l. Each device uses an Arduino nano, TP4056, 6WP solar panel, and a 900mAh 18650 battery. The evaluation of the system includes a comparative QoS analysis, namely packet delivery ratio (PDR), throughput, and delay in star and bus topology through data collection of observation methods by sensors. The evaluation results show that for unidirectional data communication the star topology has better results with PDR 99,099%, throughput 99.393%, and delay 0.0095s. While the bus topology produces a slight difference in PDR 98.766%, throughput 98.461%, and delay 0.017s. Evaluation of energy availability shows that during the day with an average voltage of 3.703v and at night 2.976v, there is no significant difference. During the day it produces 99.301% PDR, 99.653% throughput, and 0.001s delay, while at night it produces 94.221% PDR, 99.881% throughput, and 0.027s delay.
Highlights
PENDAHULUAN Internet of Thing adalah sistem yang menggabungkan embedded system, sistem informasi dan komunikasi data melalui internet tanpa interaksi yang melibatkan manusia secara langsung(Li et al, 2018)
This study aims to design a prototype Wireless Sensor Network (WSN) based on nRF24L01 and solar-powered SIM800l for outdoor Internet of Things (IoT) implementation
Adaptive data aggregation and compression to improve energy utilization in solar-powered wireless sensor networks
Summary
Hasil temuan kami mencakup developed IoT system dalam schema dan realisasi pada PCB dan refresh rate sensor yang terhubung pada masing-masing IoT nodes. Pada gambar 5, bagian (a) menunjukkan node 5 dengan nRF24L01 dan SIM800l yang terhubung dengan TP4056, XL6009, dua pasang baterai 18650 dan solar cell dalam satu kotak. Bagian (c) menunjukkan node 4 dan 1 yang terhubung dengan TP4056, baterai 18650 dan solar cell pada masing- masing kotak. Tabel 1 menunjukkan sensor yang terpasang pada setiap node, refresh rate dalam milli second, jumlah characters dan packet size dalam byte. Water level sensor pada node 1 hanya berisi data boolean sehingga hanya menghabiskan 1 byte dan memiliki refresh rate terendah yaitu 500ms. Evaluasi Ketersediaan Tenaga Surya Tabel 4 menunjukkan evaluasi tenaga surya yang dihasilkan oleh solar cell dan baterai dan perbandingannya dengan light intensity dan ambient temperature serta QoS yaitu throughput, PDR dan delay. Pengukuran energi yang dihasilkan oleh solar cell dan baterai diukur menggunakan perangkat yang telah dikembangkan oleh tim peneliti pada penelitian sebelumnya (Wedashwara et al, 2020)
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