Abstract
TiO 2 polycrystalline powders have been prepared by different sol–gel routes and have been investigated by Raman spectroscopy and transmission electron microscopy. The influence of different catalysts on the crystalline phases obtained by thermal annealing is studied. The mechanisms that determine the Raman line shapes are discussed, including phonon confinement and pressure effects. The analysis of the Raman spectra, after thermal treatments in air and N 2, indicates the importance of the non-stoichiometry due to oxygen vacancies.
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