Abstract
AbstractA Raman spectroscopy study has been performed, at room temperature, on the (Bi0.5Na0.5)0.92Ba0.08‐3x/2LaxTiO3 lead‐free ceramic system (with x = 0, 1, 2, and 3 at.% La). The signature of the Raman spectra showed that the structural properties were noticeably affected by the La3+‐ions concentration, revealing the coexistence of two phases for the studied compositions. The structural properties showed the presence of both ferroelectric (P4mm) and antiferroelectric (P4bm) tetragonal phases for the undoped composition (x = 0). For the La3+‐modified ceramics, both antiferroelectric tetragonal (P4bm) and ferroelectric rhombohedral (R3c) phases coexist. The behavior of the vibrational modes below 200 cm−1 suggests a predominant substitution of the Na+ ion by La3+ at the dodecahedral site of the perovskite structure. The results revealed a decrease of the tetragonal phase weight percent with the increase of the lanthanum concentration.
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