Abstract
Early detection of cervical lesions, accurate diagnosis of cervical lesions, and timely and effective therapy can effectively avoid the occurrence of cervical cancer or improve the survival rate of patients. In this paper, the spectra of tissue sections of cervical inflammation (n = 60), CIN (cervical intraepithelial neoplasia) I (n = 30), CIN II (n = 30), CIN III (n = 30), cervical squamous cell carcinoma (n = 30), and cervical adenocarcinoma (n = 30) were collected by a confocal Raman micro-spectrometer (LabRAM HR Evolution, Horiba France SAS, Villeneuve d’Ascq, France). The Raman spectra of six kinds of cervical tissues were analyzed, the dominant Raman peaks of different kinds of tissues were summarized, and the differences in chemical composition between the six tissue samples were compared. An independent sample t test (p ≤ 0.05) was used to analyze the difference of average relative intensity of Raman spectra of six types of cervical tissues. The difference of relative intensity of Raman spectra of six kinds of tissues can reflect the difference of biochemical components in six kinds of tissues and the characteristic of biochemical components in different kinds of tissues. The classification models of cervical inflammation, CIN I, CIN II, CIN III, cervical squamous cell carcinoma, and cervical adenocarcinoma were established by using a support vector machine (SVM) algorithm. Six types of cervical tissues were classified and identified with an overall diagnostic accuracy of 85.7%. This study laid a foundation for the application of Raman spectroscopy in the clinical diagnosis of cervical precancerous lesions and cervical cancer.
Highlights
Cervical cancer is the fourth most common cancer in the world in both morbidity and mortality, and the second most common cancer among women [1]
Before developing into invasive cervical cancer, lesions must progress through the precancerous stage (CIN I, CIN II, CIN III)
The Raman peaks in which there are differences in either shape or appearance or a combination of the two are primarily present at 548, 643, 708, 951, 1303, 1504, 1560, and 1618 cm−1, with obvious differences in Raman peaks at 519, 1270, and 1393 cm−1, marking clear differences in the Raman spectra of various cervical tissues. These differences are closely related to the corresponding changes in various biochemical components in cervical tissue with the development of cervical lesions
Summary
Cervical cancer is the fourth most common cancer in the world in both morbidity and mortality, and the second most common cancer among women [1]. In the past 30 years, the incidence of cervical squamous cell carcinoma has declined significantly in developed countries due to the cervical cancer screening project, but the incidence of cervical adenocarcinoma has increased. This may be due to the poor screening efficacy of cervical cytology screening methods for cervical adenocarcinoma [4]. It is believed that through further research, there is potential to develop a rapid, objective, economic, and non-invasive endoscopic Raman spectroscopy instrument for cervical lesion detection, which can be used clinically
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