Abstract
Laryngeal cancer is more common in males. The present study is aimed at exploration of potential of conventional Raman spectroscopy in classifying normal from a malignant laryngopharyngeal tissue. We have recorded Raman spectra of twenty tissues (aryepiglottic fold) using an in-house built Raman setup. The spectral features of mean malignant spectrum suggests abundance proteins whereas spectral features of mean normal spectrum indicate redundancy of lipids. PCA was employed as discriminating algorithm. Both, unsupervised and supervised modes of analysis as well as match/mismatch “limit test” methodology yielded clear classification among tissue types. The findings of this study demonstrate the efficacy of conventional Raman spectroscopy in classification of normal and malignant laryngopharyngeal tissues. A rigorous evaluation of the models with development of suitable fibreoptic probe may enable real-time Raman spectroscopic diagnosis of laryngopharyngeal cancers in future.
Highlights
“Hypopharyngeal,” known as “laryngopharyngeal,” cancers are tumors of a subsite of the upper aerodigestive tract within the group of head and neck malignancies
We found that conventional Raman spectroscopy, unlike microscopy, probes larger areas provides representative spectra
All the negative peaks (917, 983, 1072, 1302, 1440 cm−1) seen in Figure 5 were contributed by normal spectrum attributable to lipids whereas all positive peaks (949, 1004, 1127, 1238, 1340, 1643 cm−1) were from malignant spectrum which could be assigned to proteins
Summary
“Hypopharyngeal,” known as “laryngopharyngeal,” cancers are tumors of a subsite of the upper aerodigestive tract within the group of head and neck malignancies. It is crucial to depend on alternative methods to (1) confirm malignancy, (2) detect latent or early mitotic changes before gross appearance of abnormal tissue, and (3) extend its application to in vivo or in situ conditions. Optical spectroscopic methods such as autofluorescence [7,8,9], Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) [10, 11], and Raman [12] have been the other methods of detection of malignancies. It allows assessment of only the superficial layers of epithelium [13]
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