Abstract
Historic gardens and their related landscapes are often experienced only for their social, aesthetic, and environmental resources, yet their cultural, architectural, and perceptive significance is often ignored. The paper demonstrates how historic and educational values of historic gardens and related landscapes can be revealed by combining historic maps, reading perspective cones, and also applying advanced digital and educational methods and techniques. Historical maps, especially military and cadastral maps, associated with historical iconography, can provide us with a lot of information to study historical gardens and also to define conservation and valorization plans that are related to the history of the site: geomatics tools to georeference and co-relate metric and non-metric historical maps provide growing useful outputs, that can be deployed through the use of Virtual Hubs, boosting the availability of content and the accessibility of open data for policy makers, experts, and non-expert members. Moreover, they can also support heritage education programs providing the opportunity to allow to understand the wealth of sites now simplified, in their system, with different functions and with a transformed context. The study of historic gardens involves the analysis of the landscape in its dynamism and complexity, defines tools that make users more aware of the richness of our heritage.
Highlights
Construction Engineering, Politecnico di Milano, Via Ponzio 31, 20133 Milan, Italy 4 Faculty of Architecture and Town Planning, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Technion City, Haifa, IsraelOften historic gardens, especially if not famous, today in urban context and public property, are considered for their social and environmental role, but much less for their cultural and landscape values
As we propose to use maps as historical documents to repropose a perception of the past condition of the land, we must always remember the origin of cartography, i.e. that it was really created for practical purposes, mostly fiscal and military
The use of panoramic views and open data collection can contribute to enrich the consciousness of the historical values, with the help of geolocation tools and correlation tools connecting the historical map layers with such views
Summary
Especially if not famous, today in urban context and public property, are considered for their social and environmental role, but much less for their cultural and landscape values. A systematic habit to use the historical metric maps represents—as seen in the previous paragraph—the first step to read the transformations occurred across the centuries as documented by the historical maps: the availability of WMS (WebMapService), WTMS (WebMapTiledService), and WFS (WebFeature Service) allows to publish such map collection progressively digitalized and georeferred, correlating the current state of the art with the past, as well as creating applications to manage services for the users, visitors, and so on (Previtali and Latre 2018) Such applications let people visitors and students access to such stratified layers with the possibility to identify the stratified signs, the remaining ones: they represent a rigorous support to understand such values as highlighted in the reading of the network made by the natural and artificial water channel in the Park of the Royal Villa in Monza better addressing masterplan and design, and decision-making taking in account and valorizing all the sign of the past (Cazzani et al 2019a). It might contribute to many spheres of human activity, including jobs, learning, and others
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