Abstract
Technologic advances in CT have generated a dramatic increase in the number of CT studies, with a resultant increase in the radiation dose related to CT scanning. Such increase in radiation dose is becoming a concern for the radiology community, especially with increasing public awareness of the dose burden related to examinations. To cope with the increase in CT-related radiation exposure, it is becoming necessary to optimize CT imaging protocols and apply radiation dose reduction techniques to ensure the best imaging with the lowest radiation dose.
Highlights
ABBREVIATIONS: ASIR ϭ adaptive statistical iterative reconstruction algorithm; ATCM ϭ automated tube current modulation; CTDI ϭ CT dose index; DLP ϭ dose-length product; FBP ϭ filtered back-projectio
Dewill result in a higher degree of overlap between the adjacent pending on the manufacturer, ATCM systems operate on the bascans, this yields only minimal change in the radiation dose in sis of several methods: noise index (GE Healthcare, Milwaukee, comparison with a larger collimation for a given collimation and Wisconsin), standard deviation
The increased noise and degraded image quality related to using a lower radiation dose have been successfully improved by using advanced image reconstruction techniques
Summary
Integrated dose profile for a single section, normalized to the beam width; equivalent to MSAD and measured by using multiple TLDs or 1 ionization chamber. The most widely available technical innovation for significant radiation dose reduction is automated tube current modulation, known as automatic exposure control This technique allows constant image quality in the CT examination at a lower radiation dose, regardless of the patient size or the attenuation characteristics of the body part being scanned. Dewill result in a higher degree of overlap between the adjacent pending on the manufacturer, ATCM systems operate on the bascans, this yields only minimal change in the radiation dose in sis of several methods: noise index (GE Healthcare, Milwaukee, comparison with a larger collimation for a given collimation and Wisconsin), standard deviation (Toshiba Medical Systems, Totable speed.[12] The effect of pitch on radiation dose and image kyo, Japan), reference image (Philips Healthcare, Best, the Nethquality is negated in scanners that use an “effective milliampere- erlands), and quality reference milliampere-second (Siemens, Ersecond setting” (defined as milliampere-second divided by langen, Germany) (Table 2).[15] There have been several studies
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