Abstract
In order to study the spatial and temporal patterns in Sri Lanka, monthly rainfall data at 29 stations for the period 1881–1980 were analysed in this study. First, Empirical Orthogonal Function analysis method was applied for the monthly rainfall anomalies. The result indicated clear dominant spatial patterns. The first eigenvector accounts for 40.2% and the second for 11.1% of the total variance explain the most apparently existing patterns with orographic influences. In particular, the former is explained by the rainfall patterns in the period between October and February (northeast monsoon), and the later by that in May to September (southwest monsoon) period. Power spectra of first eigenvector's time coefficients revealed cycles at 40, 24 and 14–15 months, while the second eigenvector's time coefficients indicated at 120 and 40 months. Lastly, a regional division by rainfall fluctuations is presented for Sri Lanka based on the space coefficients of first two eigenvectors.
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