Abstract
This study investigated the pattern and trends of the daily rainfall data in Terengganu Malaysia based on seasonal rainfall indices. The statistics of rainfall indices were calculated in terms of their means for seven stations in Terengganu Malaysia for the period 2000 to 2012. The findings indicate that the trend in the study area has no significant changes in stations (1, 4 and 6) while station (2, 3, 5 and 7) shows significant changes and southwest monsoon had the greatest impact on the whole stations, particularly in characterizing the rainfall pattern of the area. During this season, the study area could be considered as the wettest region since all rainfall indices tested are higher than in other neighboring state of the Peninsula. Otherwise, the northwest of the area is denoted as the driest part of the state during the northeast monsoon period. The northwest of the state is less influenced by the northeast monsoon because of the existence of the Titiwangsa Range, which blocks some part of the region from receiving heavy rainfall. On the other hand, it is found that the areas with lowlands are strongly characterized by the northeast monsoonal flow.The results of the Mann-Kendall test, shows that, trends of the total amount of rainfall during the southwest monsoon decrease at some of the stations. The rainfall intensity increases in contrast, increasing trends in the total amount of rainfall were observed at three stations during the northeast monsoon, which give rise to the increasing trend of rainfall intensity. The results for the combined stations in both seasons indicate that there are no significant changes in trends during the extreme events for the Terengganu Malaysia. However, a smaller number of significant trends were found for extreme intensity.Â
Highlights
Rainfall is vital natural resources on the earth which can be seen as the major backbone of all the water resources in the earth, and is one of the key climatic variables that affect both the spatial and temporal pattern of water variability.One of the challenges posed by climate change/climate variability is ascertainment, identification and quantification of trends in rainfall and their implications on surface water, river flow and groundwater in order to assist in formulation of adaptation measures through appropriate strategies for water resources management
The daily rainfall data from seven rain gauge stations collected from the Department of Irrigation and Drainage Terengganu (DID) for the period of 2000 to 2012 were sorted and arranged in an excel for different homogeneity test
The analysis shows that, station 7 (Menerong), has the greatest impact in characterizing the rainfall patterns for the selected stations in the study area, and station 2 has the negative influence as the trend decreasing down
Summary
Rainfall is vital natural resources on the earth which can be seen as the major backbone of all the water resources in the earth, and is one of the key climatic variables that affect both the spatial and temporal pattern of water variability.One of the challenges posed by climate change/climate variability is ascertainment, identification and quantification of trends in rainfall and their implications on surface water, river flow and groundwater in order to assist in formulation of adaptation measures through appropriate strategies for water resources management. Studies on rainfall behavior have attracted a lot of attention from scientists throughout the world.This study of rainfall behavior will help us to determine the expected level and condition of our surface water as well as groundwater in the region where we live. A decrease in rainfall can be found in some parts of the world such as in Kenya (Kipkorir, 2002), in the northern China (Gong et al 2004) in Sicily region (Cannarozzo, et al 2006)
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