Abstract
Microwave link operates at high frequency approximately 10 GHz and above, and it suffers from high attenuation in the tropical region due to high rain intensity. Therefore, a microwave designer should consider this effect in the design so that the link can be operated with good quality of service, high availability and reliability. This study is about analysis of rain fade in a tropical country, Comoros, where the rain intensity was considered from ITU-R Recommendation. This rain intensity was used to determine the rain fade for earth-to-satellite of links operating in this country at L, C, Ka, Ku and V bands in horizontal, vertical and circular for 0.001% to 1% of exceeded per year. From the analysis, it was found that the link has availability to work from 99.999% to 99% with least effects in all frequency bands at vertical polarization, except in V-band. At 99% of availability, it shows that B-PSK is the best technique for modulation to make the proposed link more reliable. To attain 10dB fade margin which allows the antenna to reach certain quality of services, the gain receiver, diameter and figure of merit were increased while the footprint was maximized. The outcome of this study will be useful resources to upgrade the availability and reliability of earth to satellite microwave link in Comoros.
Highlights
Microwave link system for the earth to a satellite is designed to be operated at high frequency approximately 10 GHz and above
Microwave link operates at high frequency approximately 10 GHz and above, and it suffers from high attenuation in the tropical region due to high rain intensity
To evaluate this effect on the signal and the performance of the microwave link operating in Comoros, the in-depth analyses have been done to evaluate the range of availability and unavailability of this link at all frequency bands such as L-band (2 GHz), C-band (4 GHz), Ku-band (12 GHz), Ka-band (20 GHz) and V-band (40 GHz) in three polarizations; horizontal (PL_h), vertical (PL_v) and circular (PL_c)
Summary
Microwave link system for the earth to a satellite is designed to be operated at high frequency approximately 10 GHz and above. 2. Rain Fade Prediction The downlink microwave satellite communication system is almost influenced by the high attenuation effects in all tropical regions especially when it is operating at high frequency band. The procedure of ITU-R (P.618-13[8]) is more accurate and contains all the necessary conditions applicable for any microwave link location in anywhere around the world, in such way, once it is applied, it will bring a good solution on any microwave link selected to be operated at any frequency band This method has been proposed to be used to analyse rain fade of the earth to satellite microwave link operating in Comoros. Step 10: The estimated attenuation to be exceeded for other percentages of an average year, in the range 0.001% to 1%, is determined from the attenuation to be exceeded for 0.01% for an average year using equation (9)
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