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Abstract
Rain fade has continued to be a major concern to communication systems designers. The effect of these dynamic fluctuations of the received signal due to rain is very pronounced in the tropical region. This paper pertains to the analysis of rain fades at C, Ku and Ka bands at some selected stations covering the main geographical zones of Nigeria. The ITU-RP propagation model was used to calculate the fade depth at 6 GHz, 8 GHz, 12 GHz, 16 GHz, 20 GHz, 30 GHz and 40 GHz. The rain fade correlate with signal attenuation. Attenuation distributions for percentages of time for signal unavailability were also estimated. The results show that values of attenuation for vertically and circularly polarized signals are less than those of the horizontal polarization at all the frequencies. It is found that rain fade is less severe in the Northern part of the country and is most severe in the southern part of Nigeria, with Port Harcourt, Lagos and Nsukka experiencing the highest rain impairment. Key words: Propagation, rain rate, attenuation, rain fade, communication links DOI : 10.7176/JEES/9-3-16 Publication date :March 31 st 2019
Highlights
Telecommunication systems are continuing to move to higher frequencies due to the congestion at the lower frequency bands
3.1 Rainfade Calculation Rain fades vary with frequency, location, polarization and rainfall rate
3.3 Rain Rate Model used The rain rate model used in this research work is Moupfouma model
Summary
Telecommunication systems are continuing to move to higher frequencies due to the congestion at the lower frequency bands. Omotosho investigated the effect of propagation impairments such as rain, cloud, gases and tropospheric scintillation on fixed satellite communication link on earth-space path for frequencies between 10 and 50 GHz at Ku, Ka and V bands in Nigeria. He concludes that tropospheric scintillation is very high in the SS region [Omotosho 2008). This paper has been able to establish the depth of rain fades, the percentages of availabilities and the effect on communication links in the major geographical zones of Nigeria It has shown correlation with the work of some researchers in Nigeria, establishing the fact that the Northern part of the country is more prone to rain fades. 12 months (Jan. 2011Dec. 2011) 12 months (Oct.2007Nov. 2008 12 months (Jan. 2009 – Dec. 2009) 2 years (Jan. 2008- Dec. 2009) 12 months (Jan. 2010 – Dec. 2010)
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